Wells-Barnett, Ida Bell
-
▪ American journalist and social reformernée Ida Bell Wellsborn July 16, 1862, Holly Springs, Miss., U.S.died March 25, 1931, Chicago, Ill.African American journalist who led an antilynching crusade in the United States in the 1890s.Ida Wells was the daughter of slaves. She was educated at Rust University, a freedmen's school in her native Holly Springs, Mississippi, and at age 14 began teaching in a country school. She continued to teach after moving to Memphis, Tennessee, in 1884 and attended Fisk University in Nashville during several summer sessions. In 1887 the Tennessee Supreme Court, reversing a Circuit Court decision, ruled against Wells in a suit she had brought against the Chesapeake & Ohio Railroad for having been forcibly removed from her seat after she had refused to give it up for one in a “colored only” car. Using the pen name Iola, Wells in 1891 also wrote some newspaper articles critical of the education available to African American children. Her teaching contract was not renewed. She thereupon turned to journalism, buying an interest in the Memphis Free Speech.In 1892, after three friends of hers had been lynched by a mob, Wells began an editorial campaign against lynching that quickly led to the sacking of her newspaper's office. She continued her antilynching crusade, first as a staff writer for the New York Age and then as a lecturer and organizer of antilynching societies. She traveled to speak in a number of major U.S. cities and twice visited Great Britain for the cause. In 1895 she married Ferdinand L. Barnett, a Chicago lawyer, editor, and public official, and adopted the name Wells-Barnett. From that time she restricted her travels, but she was very active in Chicago affairs. Wells-Barnett contributed to the Chicago Conservator, her husband's newspaper, and to other local journals; published a detailed look at lynching in A Red Record (1895); and was active in organizing local African American women in various causes, from the antilynching campaign to the suffrage movement. She founded what may have been the first black woman suffrage group, Chicago's Alpha Suffrage Club.From 1898 to 1902 Wells-Barnett served as secretary of the National Afro-American Council, and in 1910 she founded and became first president of the Negro Fellowship League, which aided newly arrived migrants from the South. From 1913 to 1916 she served as a probation officer of the Chicago municipal court. She was militant in her demand for justice for African Americans and in her insistence that it was to be won by their own efforts. While she took part in the 1909 meeting of the Niagara Movement, she would have nothing to do with the less radical National Association for the Advancement of Colored People that sprang from it. Her autobiography, Crusade for Justice, was published posthumously in 1970.Additional ReadingJacqueline Jones Royster (ed.), Southern Horrors and Other Writings: The Anti-Lynching Campaign of Ida B. Wells, 1892–1900 (1997), collects Wells-Barnett's writings and includes a chronology of her life and an introductory essay. Biographies are Mildred I. Thompson, Ida B. Wells-Barnett (1990); and Emilie M. Townes, Womanist Justice, Womanist Hope (1993).
* * *
Universalium. 2010.
Look at other dictionaries:
Ida B. Wells-Barnett — 1897 Ida Bell Wells (später Ida Bell Wells Barnett, * 16. Juli 1862 in Holly Springs, Mississippi; † 25. März 1931 in Chicago, Illinois) war eine US amerikanische Journalistin sowie Bürger … Deutsch Wikipedia
Ida B. Wells — Bell Ida Wells Barnett (née à Holly Springs, Mississippi 16 juillet 1862 morte à Chicago, Illinois 25 mars 1931) était une journaliste afro américaine, rédactrice en chef et avec son mari propriétaire d un journal. Elle fut un chef de file au… … Wikipédia en Français
Ida Wells — Ida B. Wells Barnett 1897 Ida Bell Wells (später Ida Bell Wells Barnett, * 16. Juli 1862 in Holly Springs, Mississippi; † 25. März 1931 in Chicago, Illinois) war eine US amerikanische Journalistin sowie Bürger … Deutsch Wikipedia
Ida B. Wells — Barnett 1897 Ida Bell Wells (später Ida Bell Wells Barnett, * 16. Juli 1862 in Holly Springs, Mississippi; † 25. März 1931 in Chicago, Illinois) war eine US amerikanische Journalistin sowie Bürger und Fr … Deutsch Wikipedia
bell — bell1 bell less, adj. /bel/, n. 1. a hollow instrument of cast metal, typically cup shaped with a flaring mouth, suspended from the vertex and rung by the strokes of a clapper, hammer, or the like. 2. the stroke or sound of such an instrument: We … Universalium
Bell — /bel/, n. 1. Acton /ak teuhn/, pen name of Anne Brontë. 2. Alexander Graham, 1847 1922, U.S. scientist, born in Scotland: inventor of the telephone. 3. (Arthur) Clive (Howard), 1881 1964, English critic of literature and art. 4. Currer /kerr… … Universalium
Ida B. Wells — Born July 16, 1862(1862 07 16) Holly Springs, Mississippi Died March 25, 1931(1931 03 25) … Wikipedia
Wells — Wells, Herbert George Wells, Horace * * * (as used in expressions) Julia Elizabeth Wells Beadle, George Wells Brown, William Wells Llandrindod Wells Wells Fargo & Co. Wells, H(erbert) G(eorge) Wells, Ida B(ell) Ida Bell Wells Barnett … Enciclopedia Universal
Wells — /welz/, n. 1. Henry, 1805 78, U.S. businessman: pioneered in banking, stagecoach services, and express shipping. 2. H(erbert) G(eorge), 1866 1946, English novelist and historian. 3. Horace, 1815 48, U.S. dentist: pioneered use of nitrous oxide as … Universalium
Bell — Cascos Bell La marca de cascos Bell fue pionera en la creacion de prendas de seguridad para deportes de velocidad. Creada en 1923 por George Wight, Bell comenzó como un almacén pequeño de piezas de auto en un suburbio de Los Ángeles. Creciendo… … Enciclopedia Universal
